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United Kingdom ⟶ United Kingdom· Energy / Economy

The UK Is on Track to Import 80% of Its Oil and Gas by 2030. Industry Says a Tax Change Could Slow That — the Government Hasn't Said Yes.

Stacked, decommissioned offshore drilling rigs in the Cromarty Firth near Invergordon, Scotland
Retired North Sea rigs stacked in the Cromarty Firth — the physical shape of a 40% production decline.joiseyshowaa / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 2.0
THE IMPACT ON YOU

Britain built an LNG import terminal for exactly the dependency its own tax and drilling policy is now accelerating toward.

North Sea output nearly halves in five yearsthe UK heads toward 80% import dependencyindustry wants the tax fixed before the October budgetclimate groups want it left alone
3-MINUTE DIGEST
  1. UK North Sea gas production is projected to fall from 77.7 million cubic metres a day in 2025 to 58.4 million in 2026, part of a roughly 40% decline over five years that industry blames on the 75% Energy Profits Levy and a ban on new exploration licences.
  2. The UK is now on track to import about 80% of its oil and gas by 2030, up sharply from current levels, as domestic production keeps falling.
  3. Offshore Energies UK is lobbying Chancellor John Healey to replace the levy with a permanent, price-triggered Oil and Gas Revenue Levy starting in 2027 — three years ahead of its legislated March 2030 end date — claiming it could unlock £50 billion in investment and 111 further projects.
  4. Prime Minister Andy Burnham's government has not committed to the early replacement; it has instead cut VAT on household electricity bills and is reviewing individual field decisions, including the Rosebank and Jackdaw developments, under its Energy Independence Bill's proposed permanent ban on new exploration licences.
  5. A broad coalition spanning industry, consumer groups and environmental organisations (including Greenpeace) has separately told the Treasury the current funding model for energy and decarbonisation policy is fundamentally flawed — meaning Healey's 28 October budget has to reconcile competing multi-billion-pound asks from opposite directions.
1

What happened?

UK North Sea gas production has fallen from 80.3 million cubic metres a day in 2024 to 77.7 in 2025, with a further drop to 58.4 forecast for 2026 — part of a roughly 40% five-year decline the industry says is being accelerated by government policy rather than driven by geology alone. On 15 September 2026, Offshore Energies UK (OEUK) publicly urged Prime Minister Andy Burnham's government to replace the Energy Profits Levy with a permanent Oil and Gas Revenue Levy starting in 2027, three years ahead of its scheduled March 2030 end, arguing it could unlock £50 billion in investment and 111 further projects ahead of the Chancellor's 28 October budget.

An operating oil rig in the North Sea seen through fog
One of the North Sea's remaining active platforms — output is forecast to fall from 77.7 to 58.4 million cubic metres a day this year.Markus Trienke / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 2.0
Confirmed
2

Why did it happen?

Two deliberate policy choices, not just geological maturity, are named across the reporting as accelerating the decline: the Energy Profits Levy, which pushes the UK's combined upstream tax rate to 75% with no price indexing, and Labour's ban on new exploration drilling, formalized in the proposed Energy Independence Bill. Industry frames this as an investment deterrent that has caused companies including BP to reassess or exit UK operations; the government's own policy documents frame the same choices as a deliberate transition away from fossil-fuel dependence, consistent with a 2021 joint report's recommendation to 'end all support for new fossil fuel extraction.'

The Palace of Westminster, seat of the UK Parliament, in London
Chancellor Healey delivers his debut budget on 28 October — the deadline industry wants the North Sea tax decision tied to.Colin / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0
Likely
3

Who benefits?

If Healey adopts OEUK's proposal, North Sea operators and their supply chains benefit most directly — the £50 billion investment figure and 111 unlocked projects are industry's own claims of what an early levy replacement would produce, alongside the Treasury's projected extra tax take. If the government holds its current course, climate and consumer groups who argue the funding model needs a broader overhaul (not a fossil-fuel-friendly one) get to claim the government sided with the transition rather than industry lobbying, ahead of the 28 October budget.

Uncertain
4

Who loses?

UK energy-security planning loses the most clearly regardless of the budget outcome in the near term: production keeps falling either way in 2026, and the country's own trajectory toward 80% import dependency by 2030 is already locked in by investment decisions made years earlier. North Sea workers and communities lose if the decline continues unchecked — job losses tied to the EPL have already been reported in earlier years of the levy. If the government does accelerate the levy replacement, it risks a domestic political cost with the climate coalition explicitly warning that easing fossil-fuel taxation would slow the energy transition it has committed to.

The LNG tanker Tembek delivering the first shipment of liquefied natural gas to Milford Haven's South Hook terminal
South Hook, Milford Haven — the terminal built for exactly the import dependency the North Sea's decline now deepens.Shaun Butler / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 2.0
Likely
A NORTH SEA HALVING IN TWO YEARS
UK North Sea gas output, 2024 vs. 2026 forecast (million m³/day)
80.3 → 58.4
Investment OEUK says an early levy replacement would unlock
£50bn
TRUST INDEX50% agreement · 2 sources
1 supports · 1 disputes — counted from the sources listed below, not estimated.
Production figures per Discovery Alert, 23 July 2026; investment figure per Offshore Energies UK via Energy Connects, 15 September 2026.

Domino Effect

The causal chain so far. Read the dates against each other — that is the whole argument.

Energy Profits Levy reaches a combined 75% rate2022-2025
Introduced in 2022 and extended/increased since, with no price indexing — industry calls it a structural deterrent, not a targeted windfall measure.
Illustration · generated
T-yrs
Burnham and Healey take office2026
The current Prime Minister and Chancellor's first Autumn Budget is still ahead, on 28 October.
Illustration · generated
T-mos
VAT cut on household electricity announced23 Jul 2026
Effective 1 October 2026, projected to cut roughly £45 a year off household energy bills.
Illustration · generated
T-2mo
OEUK publicly pushes for an early levy replacement15 Sep 2026
Asks for the Oil and Gas Revenue Levy to start in 2027, three years ahead of its legislated March 2030 date, citing £50bn in investment potential.
Illustration · generated
T-2d
The budget decision28 Oct 2026
Healey's debut Autumn Budget is where industry wants the decision made — and where the competing climate/consumer coalition wants it left alone.
Illustration · generated
T+41d
5

What happens next?

Our evidence-based estimates — not certainty. We score our own track record publicly.

The 28 October budget commits to replacing the Energy Profits Levy before its legislated March 2030 end date30%
Both the Rosebank and Jackdaw field developments are approved to proceed before 31 Dec 202625%
The UK's oil and gas import share reaches at least 80% before 31 Dec 203055%
Your call — does the October budget side with industry's early-replacement ask, or hold the line to 2030?

Corrections & revisions

none

Every change to this analysis since publication, with the reason. We append here — we don't rewrite. A number that changes silently is indistinguishable from never having been wrong.

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Sources

2 sources

Every source behind the Trust Index above. Follow them — a trust score you can't check is decoration.

  1. UK to Gain From Replacing Oil Windfall Tax Early, Lobby Says
    Energy Connects · · supports
  2. Andy Burnham's UK Energy Policy: Key Changes and Market Impacts 2026
    Discovery Alert · · disputes
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